{"id":16011,"date":"2026-03-10T07:01:00","date_gmt":"2026-03-10T07:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/?p=16011"},"modified":"2026-06-16T09:27:32","modified_gmt":"2026-06-16T09:27:32","slug":"beamforming-microphone-array-with-wbc-mems-microphones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/beamforming-microphone-array-with-wbc-mems-microphones\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 SISTC WBC \u7cfb\u5217 MEMS \u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u6ce2\u675f\u6210\u5f62\u9ea6\u514b\u98ce\u9635\u5217"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Multi-microphone arrays are increasingly replacing single-microphone solutions in modern audio systems to achieve superior acoustic performance and improved user experience. Applications such as AI voice interfaces, smart speakers, video conferencing systems, AR\/VR devices, and industrial voice control require accurate voice capture even in noisy and reverberant environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This technical white paper explores the principles of microphone array beamforming and demonstrates how <strong>high-signal-to-noise-ratio MEMS microphones<\/strong>, such as the <strong>SISTC WBC Series<\/strong>, significantly improve array performance. By combining advanced MEMS microphone technology with modern beamforming algorithms\u2014including Delay-and-Sum, Differential Beamforming, and MVDR\u2014engineers can design scalable microphone arrays with higher directionality, wider bandwidth, and improved system-level SNR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Learn more about SISTC microphone technologies:<br>MEMS Microphone Portfolio<br><a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/mems-microphone\/\">https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/mems-microphone\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sensor &amp; Smart Audio Modules<br><a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/sensor-module\/\">https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/sensor-module\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Introduction<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Capturing clean audio signals in real-world environments is challenging. Acoustic conditions vary widely\u2014from quiet meeting rooms to crowded public spaces or outdoor environments affected by wind and environmental noise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Traditional <strong>single-microphone systems<\/strong> cannot easily distinguish between desired signals and background noise. As a result, <strong>multi-microphone array solutions<\/strong> have become widely adopted across modern audio devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">By arranging multiple microphones in a spatial configuration and applying digital signal processing algorithms, microphone arrays can:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Enhance signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve directional sensitivity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Suppress environmental noise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Enable spatial audio processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These capabilities dramatically improve the performance of voice-driven systems such as:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Smart speakers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Video conferencing systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Automotive voice assistants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>AR\/VR audio systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Industrial voice control devices<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-performance arrays require microphones that combine <strong>compact size, manufacturing consistency, digital output, and high SNR<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. MEMS Microphones vs. ECM in Microphone Arrays<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Historically, array designers have chosen between two main microphone technologies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Electret Condenser Microphones (ECM)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Advantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High SNR performance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Limitations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Larger size<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Analog output requiring external ADC<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Device-to-device variability<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Calibration complexity<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Difficult large-scale manufacturing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These limitations make ECM solutions difficult to scale for modern consumer electronics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MEMS Microphones<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MEMS microphones offer several advantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Compact form factor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excellent device consistency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Digital output formats (PDM, I\u00b2S, TDM)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Surface-mount compatibility<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>High-volume manufacturing capability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, conventional MEMS microphones may have limited SNR performance, which can restrict array performance in demanding applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. SISTC WBC Series MEMS Microphones<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>SISTC WBC Series MEMS microphones<\/strong> are designed to overcome the limitations of traditional MEMS solutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Key features include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Up to <strong>80 dBA Signal-to-Noise Ratio<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>146 dB Acoustic Overload Point<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>24-bit digital output<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Wide dynamic range up to 132 dB<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excellent <strong>phase and sensitivity matching<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These characteristics allow engineers to build scalable microphone arrays with improved performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Explore SISTC MEMS microphone solutions:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/mems-microphone\/\">https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/mems-microphone\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The WBC Series also supports highly scalable arrays, allowing <strong>multiple microphones to share digital interfaces<\/strong>, simplifying system integration in complex audio devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Achieving Directionality with Microphone Arrays<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most MEMS microphones are <strong>omnidirectional<\/strong>, meaning they capture sound equally from all directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Directional sensitivity can be achieved at the <strong>system level<\/strong> using microphone arrays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When multiple microphones are placed at different spatial positions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sound arrives at each microphone at slightly different times<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>These delays can be processed digitally<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The system can reinforce signals from desired directions and suppress others<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This forms the foundation of <strong>beamforming technology<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Microphone array beamforming enables systems to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Focus on a specific speaker<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reduce background noise<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Track moving sound sources<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improve speech intelligibility<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"773\" height=\"476\" src=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16012\" style=\"width:609px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph.png 773w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph-768x473.png 768w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Polar-coordinate-graph-600x369.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 773px) 100vw, 773px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Polar coordinate diagram showing omnidirectional response (a) and directional response (b), with the target signal at 0 degrees (axial) angle and interference signals at other angles.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Beamforming Algorithms<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beamforming is typically implemented in a <strong>DSP or SoC<\/strong> using various signal-processing algorithms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The most commonly used beamforming algorithms include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Delay-and-Sum Beamforming<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Differential Beamforming<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each approach offers different trade-offs in complexity, directionality, and computational requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Delay-and-Sum Beamforming<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Delay-and-Sum is one of the simplest beamforming techniques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Each microphone signal is delayed so that signals arriving from a desired direction align in phase. The aligned signals are then summed, reinforcing the target signal while partially canceling noise from other directions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Advantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Simple implementation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Flat frequency response<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Improved system SNR<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When the number of microphones doubles, the system SNR typically improves by approximately <strong>3 dB<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, directionality is limited, and off-axis rejection varies with frequency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"757\" height=\"499\" src=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Delays-of-microphones-with-different-SNRs-sum-and-delay-system-level-SNR-and-microphone-count.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16013\" style=\"width:427px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Delays-of-microphones-with-different-SNRs-sum-and-delay-system-level-SNR-and-microphone-count.png 757w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Delays-of-microphones-with-different-SNRs-sum-and-delay-system-level-SNR-and-microphone-count-300x198.png 300w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Delays-of-microphones-with-different-SNRs-sum-and-delay-system-level-SNR-and-microphone-count-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Delays-of-microphones-with-different-SNRs-sum-and-delay-system-level-SNR-and-microphone-count-600x396.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 757px) 100vw, 757px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Delays of microphones with different SNRs, sum-and-delay system-level SNR, and microphone count<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Differential Beamforming<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Differential beamforming uses the <strong>difference between microphone signals<\/strong> to achieve directional sensitivity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A simple two-microphone differential array can produce a <strong>cardioid pickup pattern<\/strong>, which significantly attenuates sounds from the rear direction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Benefits include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Strong off-axis noise suppression<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Better low-frequency directionality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Predictable directional response<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">However, differential beamforming introduces a <strong>high-pass filter characteristic<\/strong>, which requires equalization and may increase noise levels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Using <strong>high-SNR microphones<\/strong>, such as the SISTC WBC series, reduces this limitation and improves overall system performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"266\" src=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/High-signal-to-noise-ratio-microphones-in-differential-beamforming.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16014\" style=\"width:595px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/High-signal-to-noise-ratio-microphones-in-differential-beamforming.png 735w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/High-signal-to-noise-ratio-microphones-in-differential-beamforming-300x109.png 300w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/High-signal-to-noise-ratio-microphones-in-differential-beamforming-18x7.png 18w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/High-signal-to-noise-ratio-microphones-in-differential-beamforming-600x217.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Input reference noise spectra of 70dBA and 80dBA signal-to-noise ratio microphones in omnidirectional and post-differential beamforming (both with equalization applied).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Adaptive Beamforming (MVDR)<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR) is a more advanced adaptive beamforming algorithm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MVDR dynamically adjusts microphone gains and delays to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Maintain sensitivity toward the target signal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimize interference from other directions<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The algorithm analyzes incoming signals and optimizes filter parameters to suppress noise sources.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MVDR beamforming is commonly used in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Smart speakers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Voice assistants<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Teleconferencing systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Automotive voice control<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-SNR microphones significantly improve MVDR performance by providing cleaner input signals for the algorithm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"745\" height=\"553\" src=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MVDR-directional-response-at-500Hz.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16015\" style=\"width:461px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MVDR-directional-response-at-500Hz.png 745w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MVDR-directional-response-at-500Hz-300x223.png 300w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MVDR-directional-response-at-500Hz-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/sistc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/MVDR-directional-response-at-500Hz-600x445.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 745px) 100vw, 745px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">MVDR directional response at 500Hz, with fixed ambient noise level and different sensor noise levels. The array geometry is a two-element end-fire with a spacing of 21 millimeters.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Importance of High-SNR Microphones in Beamforming<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Microphone self-noise directly affects array performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-SNR microphones provide several advantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Improved System SNR<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Higher microphone SNR reduces the number of microphones required to achieve a target system SNR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Increased Bandwidth<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Compact microphone spacing can maintain full audio bandwidth while preserving directionality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enhanced Algorithm Performance<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Adaptive algorithms such as MVDR rely on accurate signal detection. Lower microphone noise allows more accurate estimation of sound direction and noise characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. Beyond Beamforming: Complete Audio Processing<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Beamforming is typically combined with other audio processing techniques, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Acoustic Echo Cancellation (AEC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Noise Suppression<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adaptive Interference Cancellation<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These technologies work together to produce clean audio signals for communication and voice recognition systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Example reference implementations:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">MathWorks Beamforming Overview<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/phased\/ug\/beamforming-concepts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/phased\/ug\/beamforming-concepts.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qualcomm Smart Speaker Reference Design<br><a href=\"https:\/\/w.dspconcepts.com\/reference-designs\/qualcomm-qcs400-smart-speaker-soundbar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/w.dspconcepts.com\/reference-designs\/qualcomm-qcs400-smart-speaker-soundbar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Texas Instruments Acoustic Echo Cancellation<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ti.com\/video\/6308400085112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ti.com\/video\/6308400085112<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Applications of Beamforming MEMS Microphone Arrays<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-performance MEMS microphone arrays enable advanced audio capabilities across many industries:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Smart Speakers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Far-field voice recognition and wake-word detection.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Video Conferencing Systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Clear voice capture across meeting rooms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Automotive Voice Interfaces<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Noise-resilient voice commands in moving vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AR\/VR Devices<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Immersive spatial audio capture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Industrial Voice Control<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Reliable operation in noisy environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For integrated smart audio hardware solutions, explore:<br><a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/sensor-module\/\">https:\/\/sistc.com\/product-category\/sensor-module\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. Conclusion<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Microphone array beamforming has become essential for modern audio systems that require reliable voice capture in complex acoustic environments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">High-performance MEMS microphones\u2014such as the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/product\/digital-mems-microphone\/\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-0-color\">SISTC WBC Series<\/mark><\/a><\/strong>\u2014enable significant improvements in:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Directionality<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Signal-to-Noise Ratio<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bandwidth<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>System scalability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When combined with advanced beamforming algorithms and modern audio processing techniques, these microphones enable the next generation of intelligent voice-enabled devices.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For more information about SISTC microphone solutions and audio sensor modules, visit: <a href=\"https:\/\/sistc.com\/\">www.sistc.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1] M. Suvanto, <em>The MEMS Microphone Book<\/em>, Mosomic Oy, 2021.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2] MathWorks, \u201cBeamforming Overview,\u201d<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/phased\/ug\/beamforming-concepts.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.mathworks.com\/help\/phased\/ug\/beamforming-concepts.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3] DSP Concepts, \u201cQualcomm QCS400 Smart Speaker\/Sound Bar Reference Design,\u201d<br><a href=\"https:\/\/w.dspconcepts.com\/reference-designs\/qualcomm-qcs400-smart-speaker-soundbar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/w.dspconcepts.com\/reference-designs\/qualcomm-qcs400-smart-speaker-soundbar<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4] Texas Instruments, \u201cAcoustic Echo Cancellation,\u201d<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ti.com\/video\/6308400085112\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ti.com\/video\/6308400085112<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract Multi-microphone arrays are increasingly replacing single-microphone solutions in modern audio systems to achieve superior acoustic performance and improved user experience. Applications such as AI voice interfaces, smart speakers, video [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[103],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16011","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technical-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16011","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16011"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16011\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16481,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16011\/revisions\/16481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16011"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16011"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sistc.com\/zh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16011"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}